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Karakteristik Epidemiologi Stunting Pada Balita: Analisis Data Survei Status Gizi Indonesia Tahun 2024

Articles Published: 2026-06-28

Karakteristik Epidemiologi Stunting Pada Balita: Analisis Data Survei Status Gizi Indonesia Tahun 2024

Listy Handayani
Haluoleo University
Indonesia
DOI https://doi.org/10.59435/jurdikes.v4i1.756

Abstract

Stunting masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia meskipun prevalensinya terus mengalami penurunan. Akan tetapi penurunan angka tersebut belum data pencapai target nasional (14,2%). Penggunaan angka nasional secara umum dapat menutupi kelompok penduduk yang masih menanggung beban stunting lebih tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan karakteristik epidemiologi stunting pada balita di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian adalah kuantitatif deskriptif dengan desain case series. Pengumpulan data menggunakan studi dokumentasi data sekunder dari laporan Survei Status Gizi Indonesia tahun 2024. Data karakteristik yang dikumpulkan berupa umur, jenis kelamin dan faktor sosial ekonomi. Analisis indeks tinggi badan menurut umur mencakup 298.903 balita. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan disajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi serta persentase. Prevalensi stunting nasional sebesar 19,8%, dengan prevalensi tertinggi pada kelompok usia 24–35 bulan sebesar 24,2%. Prevalensi pada balita laki-laki sebesar 20,8%, lebih tinggi daripada perempuan sebesar 18,6%. Berdasarkan karakteristik sosial ekonomi, prevalensi tertinggi ditemukan pada keluarga dengan kepala rumah tangga tidak sekolah sebesar 30,9%, keluarga nelayan sebesar 28,3%, penduduk perdesaan sebesar 22,7%, dan kelompok ekonomi terbawah sebesar 29,8%. Prevalensi pada kelompok ekonomi terbawah sekitar 2,5 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok teratas. Intervensi penurunan stunting perlu dilakukan secara berkelanjutan sejak masa prakonsepsi hingga usia dua tahun, disertai pendampingan yang lebih intensif khususnya bagi kelompok sosial ekonomi rentan.

Keywords

Karakteristik Epidemiologi Stunting Balita Indonesia Survei Status Gizi Indonesia

Monthly Statistics (Last 12 Months)

Views: 132 Downloads: 84

References

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  • Yunitawati, D., Laksono, A. D., Khairunnisa, M., Purwoko, S., Wulandari Muis, E., Nursafingi, A., Riyanto, S., & Samsudin, M. (2024). Education Role in Stunting Under Two Years among Poor Communities in Indonesia. Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia; Vol 20 No 1: January 2025DO - 10.14710/Jpki.20.1.30-36 . https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jpki/article/view/66263
  • Agustina, N., Rahani, R., Muchlisoh, S., Andayani, N., Oktora, S. I., & Faharuddin, F. (2025). Peran Ayah Dalam Menurunkan Kejadian Stunting di Nusa Tenggara Barat. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia; Vol 23, No 3 (2024): SeptemberDO - 10.14710/Mkmi.23.3.229-235. https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/mkmi/article/view/63028
  • Benjamin-Chung, J., Mertens, A., Colford, J. M. J., Hubbard, A. E., van der Laan, M. J., Coyle, J., Sofrygin, O., Cai, W., Nguyen, A., Pokpongkiat, N. N., Djajadi, S., Seth, A., Jilek, W., Jung, E., Chung, E. O., Rosete, S., Hejazi, N., Malenica, I., Li, H., … Arnold, B. F. (2023). Early-childhood linear growth faltering in low- and middle-income countries. Nature, 621(7979), 550–557. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06418-5
  • Dwi Aprilia, S., & Budiono, I. (2024). Kejadian Stunting Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan Pada Keluarga Buruh Tani Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sumbang 1 The Incidence Of Stunting Of Toddlers Aged 24-59 Months In Farmworker Families In The Working Area Of Puskesmas Sumbang 1. Jambura Journal of Health Science and Research , 6(1). https://ejurnal.ung.ac.id/index.php/jjhsr/index
  • Gusnedi, G., Nindrea, R. D., Purnakarya, I., Umar, H. B., Andrafikar, Syafrawati, Asrawati, Susilowati, A., Novianti, Masrul, & Lipoeto, N. I. (2023). Risk factors associated with childhood stunting in Indonesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 32(2), 184–195. https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.202306_32(2).0001
  • Kemenkes RI. (2025). SSGI 2024 Survey Status Gizi Indonesia dalam Angka. https://kesprimkom.kemkes.go.id/assets/uploads/contents/others/SSGI_Dalam_Angka_Launching_250526_signed.pdf
  • Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2022). Keluarga Bebas Stunting. In 165. Infodatin Kemenkes RI.
  • Kusumaningtyas, C. A., Husodo, B. T., & Indraswari, R. (2024). Studi Perilaku Ibu dalam Menghindari Stunting di Puskesmas Bandarharjo Semarang. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia;, 23(4), 351–355. https://doi.org/DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/mkmi.23.4.351-355
  • Laksono, A. D., Izza, N., Trisnani, T., Paramita, A., Sholikhah, H. H., Andarwati, P., Rosyadi, K., & Wulandari, R. D. (2024). Determination of appropriate policy targets to reduce the prevalence of stunting in children under five years of age in urban-poor communities in Indonesia: a secondary data analysis of the 2022 Indonesian national nutritional status survey. BMJ Open, 14(9), e089531. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089531
  • Larasati, E. N., Dieny, F. F., Rahadiyani, A., & Purwanti, R. (2025). Utilization of E-PPGBM for analysing the relation between Posyandu visits post-covid-19 adaptation and low body weight history with stunting among toddlers in semarang city. Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition); Vol 13, No 2 (2025): JuneDO - 10.14710/Jgi.13.2.105-116. https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jgi/article/view/63237
  • Lestari, A., & Budiono, I. (2025). Risk Factors for Stunting in Toddlers of Fishermen Families in the Coastal Area of Mojo Pemalang. jk [Internet]. 2025 Nov. 25 [cited 2026 Jul. 28];18(3):. Jurnal Kesehatan, 18(3), 326–342. https://journals2.ums.ac.id/jk/article/view/2852
  • Mertens, A., Benjamin-Chung, J., Colford, J. M. J., Coyle, J., van der Laan, M. J., Hubbard, A. E., Rosete, S., Malenica, I., Hejazi, N., Sofrygin, O., Cai, W., Li, H., Nguyen, A., Pokpongkiat, N. N., Djajadi, S., Seth, A., Jung, E., Chung, E. O., Jilek, W., … Arnold, B. F. (2023). Causes and consequences of child growth faltering in low-resource settings. Nature, 621(7979), 568–576. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06501-x
  • Siswati, T., Paramashanti, B. A., Pramestuti, N., & Waris, L. (2023). A Polled Data Analysis to Determine Risk Factors of Chilhood Stunting in Indonesia. Journal of Nutrition College; Vol 12, No 1 (2023): JanuariDO - 10.14710/Jnc.V12i1.35413. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jnc/article/view/35413
  • Syihah, S. F., Stephani, M. R., Kumalasari, I., & Suherman, A. (2021). Socioeconomic Status in Relation to Stunting and Motor Skill Development of Toddlers in Urban and Rural Areas. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 16(3), 340–347.
  • Thurstans, S., Opondo, C., Seal, A., Wells, J. C., Khara, T., Dolan, C., Briend, A., Myatt, M., Garenne, M., Mertens, A., Sear, R., & Kerac, M. (2022). Understanding Sex Differences in Childhood Undernutrition: A Narrative Review. Nutrients, 14(5), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14050948
  • Ucianna, V., Pramono, A., Margawati, A., & Syauqy, A. (2023). Perbedaan Faktor Risiko Stunting di Daerah Perkotaan dan Perdesaan Pada Anak Usia 6-23 Bulan Di Indonesia: Analisis Data Riskesdas. Journal of Nutrition College; Vol 12, No 1 (2023): JanuariDO - 10.14710/Jnc.V12i1.33304. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jnc/article/view/33304
  • Widyaningsih, V., Mulyaningsih, T., Rahmawati, F. N., & Adhitya, D. (2021). Determinants of socialeconomic and rural-urban disparities in stunting: evidence from Indonesia. Rural and Remote Health, 21(3), 1–11.
  • World Health Organization. (2025). Global nutrition targets 2030: stunting brief. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/B09383
  • Yunitawati, D., Laksono, A. D., Khairunnisa, M., Purwoko, S., Wulandari Muis, E., Nursafingi, A., Riyanto, S., & Samsudin, M. (2024). Education Role in Stunting Under Two Years among Poor Communities in Indonesia. Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia; Vol 20 No 1: January 2025DO - 10.14710/Jpki.20.1.30-36 . https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jpki/article/view/66263

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Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): JURDIKES - JUNI

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Karakteristik Epidemiologi Stunting Pada Balita: Analisis Data Survei Status Gizi Indonesia Tahun 2024 (Listy Handayani, Trans.). (2026). Jurnal Dunia Ilmu Kesehatan (JURDIKES), 4(1), 25-32. https://doi.org/10.59435/jurdikes.v4i1.756
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© 2026 Listy Handayani (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.